Atovaquone D4 (naphthalene-D4)

Atovaquone D4 (naphthalene-D4) is a deuterated form of atovaquone, an antimalarial drug used to treat and prevent malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. The deuterated form is used in pharmacokinetic studies to determine the metabolism and elimination of the drug in the body. Atovaquone D4 is a stable isotopic label that replaces four hydrogen atoms with deuterium atoms, which are heavier and can be easily traced in biological samples using mass spectrometry. Atovaquone D4 is a hydrophobic compound that belongs to the naphthoquinone class of compounds. It works by inhibiting the mitochondrial electron transport chain of the parasite, leading to the disruption of energy metabolism and ultimately killing the parasite. Atovaquone D4 has a high affinity for the cytochrome bc1 complex, which is involved in electron transfer reactions in the parasite's mitochondria. Atovaquone D4 is administered orally in tablet form. It is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and reaches peak plasma concentrations within 2-4 hours. The drug is extensively metabolized in the liver, with the majority of the metabolites being excreted in the feces. The half-life of atovaquone D4 is approximately 2-3 days. In conclusion, Atovaquone D4 is a helpful tool in pharmacokinetic studies to determine the metabolism and elimination of atovaquone, an antimalarial drug used to treat and prevent malaria. Its stable isotopic label allows for easy tracing in biological samples using mass spectrometry.