Glimepiride (phenyl-​2,​3,​5,​6-​d4)

Glimepiride is a medication that is used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. It belongs to a class of drugs known as sulfonylureas, which work by increasing insulin release from the pancreas, thereby lowering blood sugar levels. The drug is administered orally, typically once a day, with or without food. Glimepiride is metabolized in the liver and excreted in the urine. The chemical formula of Glimepiride is C24H34N4O5S, and its molecular weight is 490.63 g/mol. The compound contains a phenyl ring and a sulfonamide group, which are important for its biological activity. Glimepiride is available as tablets in various strengths, ranging from 1 mg to 4 mg. The deuterated form of Glimepiride, phenyl-2,3,5,6-d4 Glimepiride, is a labeled compound that is used for pharmacokinetic studies. It is synthesized by replacing the hydrogen atoms on the phenyl ring and the methyl group with deuterium. This modification does not affect the drug's efficacy or safety, but it allows researchers to track its movement in the body using mass spectrometry. Glimepiride is contraindicated in patients with type 1 diabetes, severe renal or hepatic impairment, or a history of hypersensitivity to sulfonylureas. It may cause hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), especially in elderly or malnourished patients. Common side effects include headache, dizziness, nausea, and skin rash. Patients should be advised to monitor their blood sugar levels regularly and to seek medical attention if they experience any symptoms of hypoglycemia.