2-DEOXY-D-GLUCOSE 13C

2-Deoxy-D-glucose 13C (2DG-13C) is a radiolabeled glucose analog that is used in metabolic studies to investigate glucose metabolism. It is a modified form of glucose that lacks a hydroxyl group at the 2 position. This modification prevents the molecule from being metabolized beyond the initial phosphorylation step, leading to accumulation within cells. The radiolabeled carbon-13 isotope is used to trace the molecule's movement throughout cellular pathways. 2DG-13C has been widely used in studies of cancer metabolism as cancer cells are known to have altered glucose metabolism compared to normal cells. The molecule is taken up by cells via glucose transporters and is phosphorylated by hexokinase, the first enzyme in the glycolytic pathway. However, because 2DG-13C cannot be metabolized beyond this point, it accumulates within cells, allowing researchers to track its movement and gain insights into cellular glucose metabolism. In addition to cancer research, 2DG-13C has also been used in studies of brain metabolism, as neurons are known to have a high energy demand and rely heavily on glucose metabolism. The molecule has also been used in studies of insulin resistance and diabetes. While 2DG-13C has shown promise in metabolic studies, it is important to note that it is a radioactive compound and must be handled with care. Additionally, its use in humans is limited due to potential health risks associated with radiation exposure.