(-)-Citrinin-13C,d2

(-)-Citrinin-13C,d2 is a stable isotope-labeled form of the mycotoxin citrinin, which is produced by various fungal species, including Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Monascus. Citrinin is a toxic secondary metabolite that can contaminate food and feed, especially grains and cereals, and cause health problems in humans and animals, such as nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, genotoxicity, and immunotoxicity. Therefore, (-)-Citrinin-13C,d2 is commonly used as an analytical reference standard for the detection, quantification, and identification of citrinin in various matrices, such as urine, serum, plasma, milk, cheese, beer, and herbal products. (-)-Citrinin-13C,d2 has a molecular formula of C13H10D2NO5 and a molecular weight of 277.25 g/mol. It contains 13 carbon atoms and 2 deuterium atoms that replace some of the hydrogen atoms in the molecule, which can be detected by mass spectrometry. The isotopic enrichment of (-)-Citrinin-13C,d2 enables accurate and precise measurement of citrinin levels in complex samples, by using techniques such as liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In conclusion, (-)-Citrinin-13C,d2 is a valuable tool for the quality control and safety assessment of food and feed, as well as for the research on the biosynthesis, metabolism, and toxicity of citrinin.